Sodium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound, which is a white fine crystal. Its solubility in water is less than that of sodium carbonate, and it is weakly alkaline. Sodium bicarbonate is an acid salt formed after the neutralization of strong base and weak acid, which is weak alkaline when dissolved in water. This property can make it used as a bulking agent in the process of food production. Sodium bicarbonate will remain sodium carbonate after action, and excessive use will make the finished product have alkali taste.

Saturated sodium carbonate solution is alkaline and can be used to treat tail gas. Generally, it is used to treat gases with stronger acidity than zhiH2CO3, such as HCl, SO2, etc; Na2CO3 solution can also be used as a gas absorbent for simple esterification reactions such as ethyl acetate: dissolving ethanol, absorbing acetic acid, and reducing the solubility of ethyl acetate.

Sulfur dioxide is the most common, simple and irritating sulfur oxide. One of the main air pollutants. The gas will be emitted when the volcano erupts, and sulfur dioxide will also be produced in many industrial processes. Because coal and oil usually contain sulfur, sulfur dioxide will be generated during combustion. When sulfur dioxide is dissolved in water, it will form sulfite. If sulfite is further oxidized in the presence of PM2.5, sulfuric acid (the main component of acid rain) will be rapidly and efficiently generated. This is one of the reasons for concern about the environmental effects of using these fuels as energy.